Typology: fibula, plate fibula
Genceva 26a
Dates: c. AD 70/80 - 150
Distribution: Origin in east central Gaul. Found in western Empire; NE Gaul, German Limes, and Raetia.
Image: A simple tutulus fibula with six small knobs on the circumference. It is covered with rust from long contact with an unknown iron object. (SC Collection)
Image: Side view of the above fibula. (SC Collection)
References: Böhme 41r; Ettlinger 50; Feugere 25; Riha 7.11
Dates: c. AD 70/80 - 225, especially Domitian to Hadrian (c. AD 81 - 138)
Distribution: origin in northern Gaul, Rhine
Image: A simple round fibula with rim and central knob. (SC Collection)
Image: Side view of the above fibula showing the knob at the top of the cone. (SC Collection)
Image: Four different views of a Tutulus fibula showing the knob at the top of the cone and the rim and pin. (Quadrans collection).
Typology: fibula, plate fibula
References: Genceva 26b
Dates: c. AD 90 - 200. Flourished AD 100 - 140
Image: This tutulus fibula has a conical form with narrow enamel "slices". One end had a small extension with a dot-in-eye decoration. The other end had a small circular ring. The enamel appears as alternating red and white "slices" today, though it is not entirely certain if that was the original coloring. (SC Collection)
Image: Side view of the above fibula showing the conical form. (SC Collection)
Image: An enameled tutulus, or umbonate, form fibula with a different enamel pattern from the one above. The hole was likely for a chain which might have connected with another fibula making a matched pair. (Mauseus collection.)
Dates: 2nd c AD
Image: Top view of an umbonate tutulus fibula showing the outer rim and the multiple rings of the central umbo. (SC Collection)
Image: Side view of the above umbonate tutulus fibula showing the height, and divisions, of the umbo, or cone. The pin can also be seen. (SC Collection)
Image: Bottom view of the same fibula showing an indentation. This depression is nowhere near as deep as the height of the umbo. (SC Collection)
Image: A variation umbonate tutulus fibula. This example has a lower umbo that is connected to the rim by five spokes. This copper-alloy fibula has a layer of what appears to be pure copper plating likely applied via the mercury amalgam process. (SC Collection)
Image: Side view of the above fibula. The umbo, or cone, and the ridges are clear, as is the catch on the underside. (SC Collection)
Bohme, A. "Die Fibeln der Kastelle Saalburg und Zugmantel" in Saalburg Jahrbuch, XXIX. (1972).
Ettlinger, E. Die römischen Fibeln in der Schweiz. (Bern|, 1973).
Feugere, M. Les fibules en Gaule meridionale de la conquite a la fin du Ve sicle apres J.-C. (|Paris, 1985). Available Online
Genčeva, E. Les Fibules Romaines de Bulgarie de la fin du 1er s. av. J.-C. à la fin du VIe s. ap. J.-C. (Veliko Trnovo, 2004). PDF
Riha, E. Die römischen Fibeln aus Augst und Kaiseraugst. (1979). PDF
Van Buchem, H. De Fibulae Van Nijmegen. (Nijmegen, 1941). PDF